MGT445 : Midterm Revision Exam

[CH1] In the course, creativity is defined as the generation and development of new ideas, while innovation is the translation of new ideas into commercial products, processes and services.

[CH1] According to the notes, companies that monitor and imitate competitors, rather than using customers and suppliers as a key source of inspiration, are more successful at innovation.

[CH1] An invention is a novel idea that is patentable; its characteristics must be unique, have utility and be non-obvious, and it only needs to be proven viable and workable before going public.

[CH1] In the innovation management process of search, select, implement and capture, 'capture' is the stage in which the organisation identifies opportunities.

[CH1P2] In the total quality philosophy, practices are the tools and approaches that help managers and employees make the techniques effective.

[CH1P2] Horizontal teamwork refers to teamwork within work groups and across functional lines, which is often called cross-functional teams.

[CH2] Organizational change is described as ongoing, emergent and dynamic, and it may be either planned or unplanned.

[CH2] In the creative process, the incubation stage is the stage in which the new idea is tested and refined.

[CH2] The three-stage model of creativity by Basadur et al. (1982) comprises problem finding, problem solving and solution implementation.

[CH2] Compared with radical innovation, incremental innovation is riskier, more expensive and takes longer to produce tangible results.

[CH2] Repositioning Lucozade from a medicinal drink for sick children to a health drink for sporting activities is an example of paradigm innovation.

[CH2] Open innovation, popularised by Henry Chesbrough, assumes that firms can and should use external ideas as well as internal ideas, and internal and external paths to market.

[CH2] In the S-curve example from the audio industry, Sony's invention of the Walkman represents the takeoff phase.

[CH10] A competitive economy is an economy whose sustained rate of productivity can drive growth and, consequently, income and welfare.

[CH10] According to the notes, creativity becomes an economic resource at the moment an original concept is generated, even before it creates any measurable value.

[CH1] Which statement best captures the primary difference between creativity and innovation?

[CH1] Which of the following is NOT one of the barriers to creativity listed in the notes?

[CH1] A student team designs an excellent new parking system for the university, but the design is never put into practice. Why has it not become an innovation?

[CH1] An engineer develops a new mechanism that is unique, useful and non-obvious and files a patent for it, but no product has been made or sold. This is best described as:

[CH1] A company invites its customers and suppliers to submit ideas for new services instead of copying what rivals launch. According to the notes, this approach is associated with:

[CH1P2] Under the customer and stakeholder focus principle, which party is regarded as having the final say on whether a product or service is of good quality?

[CH1P2] A hotel manager reviews guest complaint figures, occupancy data and cost reports every week before deciding where to invest in improvements. Which total quality principle is the manager mainly applying?

[CH1P2] A bank works with its main software supplier and several corporate clients to jointly redesign its online services. Which type of teamwork is this?

[CH1P2] Which option shows the correct order of the learning cycle in continuous improvement?

[CH2] After struggling with a design problem, a manager goes for a walk, and while walking the solution suddenly 'clicks' in her mind. That sudden moment of insight corresponds to which stage of the creative process?

[CH2] According to the notes, creative thinking is the combination of:

[CH2] IBM's shift from being a machine maker to a service solution company is given in the notes as an example of:

[CH2] A car maker introduces supply chain integration and a continuous flow assembly line to produce its existing models more efficiently. Which of the 4Ps of innovation does this represent?

[CH2] The transition from black-and-white to colour television is given in the notes as an example of which level of innovation?

[CH2] Which statement correctly describes radical innovation?

[CH2] LEGO invites fans to submit and vote on new set designs through its LEGO Ideas platform. This best illustrates:

[CH2] Which of the following is identified in the notes as a challenge of open innovation?

[CH2] A company whose technology is approaching the top of its S-curve decides to buy a start-up that owns the rival technology. Which S-curve option is it using?

[CH2] Which sequence correctly lists the four phases of the technology life cycle on the S-curve?

[CH2] A bank must redesign several of its processes after the central bank issues new regulations. This change is triggered by:

[CH2] The shift from the ice industry to refrigeration systems is given in the notes as an example of:

[CH10] According to the notes, creative industries create value mainly through:

[CH10] A Bahraini film studio produces series that preserve local heritage and traditions and promote them to audiences abroad. Which benefit of creative industries does this most directly show?

[CH10] A city wants innovative people and firms to cluster there. According to the notes, creative cities achieve this mainly by:

[CH10] In explaining why now is the age of creativity, the notes describe today's customers as more unpredictable and demanding because they are:

[CH1] Define creativity, invention and innovation, and explain the main differences between creativity and innovation.

[CH2] Define organizational change and explain the movement from the current state to the desired future state. Then list the internal and external drivers of change.

[CH2] List and explain the four stages of the creative process, giving a brief example of how a university could apply them to improve the student experience.

[CH2] List the levels of innovation and give an example of each, then explain why organisations often favour incremental innovation.

[CH2] Define innovation and explain the 4Ps of innovation, giving an example of each.

[CH2] Explain the S-curve of innovation, list its four phases, and illustrate them using the audio industry example. Then outline the options available to a company when its technology faces decline.

[CH10] Explain why now, more than ever before, is the age of creativity.

[CH1P2] List and briefly explain the principles of total quality.

[CH2] Identify the external and internal drivers of change facing Awal Photo, using details from the case.

[CH2] Using the four stages of the creative process, explain how Awal Photo's team arrived at the memory-book idea.

[CH1] Using the distinction between creativity and innovation, explain at what point the memory-book idea became an innovation.

[CH10] Explain why Pixel Pearl Studios belongs to the creative industries. In your answer, identify its creative input, its revenue sources and where intellectual property matters.

[CH10] Using the notes on creative cities and the knowledge economy, explain why the Muharraq district suits Pixel Pearl Studios.

[CH1P2] Identify the two principles of total quality that the studio's internal practices show most clearly, and support each with evidence from the case.